DVFS

DVFS, Wikipedia An article that need to be written.

Video Decoding

• Mesarina, M. and Turner, Y. 2003. Reduced energy decoding of MPEG streams. Multimedia Syst. 9, 2 (Aug. 2003), 202-213.

• Lee, B., Nurvitadhi, E., Dixit, R., Yu, C., and Kim, M. 2005. Dynamic voltage scaling techniques for power efficient video decoding. J. Syst. Archit. 51, 10-11 (Oct. 2005), 633-652.

• Pouwelse, J., Langendoen, K., and Sips, H. 2001. Dynamic voltage scaling on a low-power microprocessor. In Proceedings of the 7th Annual international Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (Rome, Italy). MobiCom '01. ACM, New York, NY, 251-259.

Switching Overhead

• Johan De Gelas. Dynamic Power Management: A Quantitative Approach. Online: AnandTech.com. January 18, 2010.

-Xeon C-state transition times

-P-state frequency example, (10 133MHz steps from 1.2GHz to 2.53Ghz)

-"On dual-core Athlon X2 and Phenom I, it was for example impossible to use DVFS and get decent HD-video decoding. There are three important performance problems with dynamic power management:

Transitioning from one P-state to another takes a while, especially if you scale up. Active cores will probe idle or lower P-state cores quite frequently. The OS power manager has to predict whether or not the process will need more processing power soon or not. As a result the OS transitions a lot slower than the hardware."

• Getting c-state and p-state info in linux

• Intel Xeon Processor 5600 Series, Datasheet Volume I. March 2010.

-p. 168: "Processor core (including shared cache) is unavailable for less than 2us during the frequency transition."

Power consumption table for 5600 by C-state

-p. 167: "Processor C-State Power Specifications" table power consumption by C-state

• Adrian Hoban. Designing Real-Time Solutions on Embedded Intel® Architecture Processors. Intel Corporation. May, 2010.

Power consumption table for several processors at different power management C-states

• Taylor Kidd. There's got to be a catch. Intel Software Blog. April 29, 2008 at 9:24 am

-20us transition overhead for all C-states?

• Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Specification. Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Microsoft, Toshiba Corporations, and Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Revision 4.0a. April 5, 2010

• Power Efficiency – Analysis and SW Development Recommendations for Intel® Atom™ based MID platforms. Intel Software Network. May 4, 2009 9:00 PM PDT.

-Overview charts on C-State configuration details wakeup times and power consumption

• Techarp: very good but poorly referenced article on ACPI standard

-Gives wakeup times, but don't know where they came from

-example power performance by P-states

• Power states overview slides from University of Pittsburg, example of c-state selections over time

DVFS Project Resources

• Dynamic Voltage Scaling in Mobile Devices

Concise references for DVFS project from 2003 using speedstep on an IBM Thinkpad

Good linux kernel reference

• Topic: Addressing the power cost of switching overhead in DVFS processors.

DVFS Papers

• Burd, T.; Pering, T.; Stratakos, A.; Brodersen, R.; , A dynamic voltage scaled microprocessor system. Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2000. Digest of Technical Papers. ISSCC. 2000 IEEE International , vol., no., pp.294-295, 466, 2000.

• Isci, Martonosi, Buyuktosunoglu, "Long-term Workload Phases: Duration Predictions and Applications to DVFS

Prediction and switching overhead

• "The Simulation and Evaluation of Dynamic Voltage Scaling Algorithms", 1998

• "Intelligent Energy Manager (IEM) Benchmarking on a Freescale’s iMX31 Multimedia Processor", SEP 2006

• "Dynamic Power-Performance Adaptation of Parallel Computation on Chip Multiprocessors"

• Li, J.; Martinez, J.F.; , Dynamic power-performance adaptation of parallel computation on chip multiprocessors. High-Performance Computer Architecture, 2006. The Twelfth International Symposium on , vol., no., pp. 77- 87, 11-15 Feb. 2006

• M. Pedram, K. Choi, R. Soma, "Fine-Grained Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling for Precise Energy and Performance Tradeoff Based on the Ratio of Off-Chip Access to On-Chip Computation Times"

• "DVFS information from the University of Colorado"

• Zhu, Mueller, [http://moss.csc.ncsu.edu/~mueller/ftp/pub/mueller/papers/lctes05.pdf "Feedback EDF Scheduling

Exploiting Hardware-Assisted Asynchronous Dynamic Voltage Scaling, North Carolina State University"]

DVFS in Linux

• "Mitigating Amdahl’s Law Through EPI Throttling"