Naked Apes

Nakedness

• "Naked Apes?", Gene Expression blog entry, March 31, 2006
• Mark Pagel and Walter Bodmer, "A naked ape would have fewer parasites", The Royal Society, 9 June 2003.
• Arthur H. Neufeld, Glenn C. Conroy, "Human Head Hair Is Not Fur", Evolutionary Anthropology, 2004.
• Nina G. Jablonski "The Evolution of Human Skin and Skin Color" Annual Review of Anthropology June 21, 2004.
• Geoffrey Redmond, "Hormones and Unwanted Hair", Hormone Center of New York, 2006

-Evidence against sexual selection of hairlessness

• What your hair says about you

-Evidence against sexual selection of hairlessness

• "The Naked Truth? Lice hint at a recent origin of clothing", by John Travis, Aug, 2003; Vol. 164, No. 8 , p. 118

-Origin of clothing 30k-114k years ago based on the evolutionary history of body lice

Human Origins

• Ian Tattersall Interview

Fire

• Richard G. Klein, "Archeology and the evolution of human behavior", Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 9, Issue 1, 2000, Pages: 17-36.

-p.17 human paleontologists unflinchingly attribute major morphological changes or differences to natural selection, mutation, gene drift, or gene flow. Paleolithic archeologists in contrast tend to ascribe major behavioral changes to newly developed cultural strategies or to population growth, even when the changes coincide with conspicuous morphological changes.

-p.17 In my view, however, we can say that fully modern behavior appeared only 50–40 ky ago.

-p.17 Limited evidence suggests that fully modern behavior appeared first in Africa roughly 50 ky ago

[2] Ambrose SH. 1998. Chronology of the Later Stone Age and food production in East Africa. J Archaeol Sci 25:377–392.

-p.17 a strictly cultural or demographic explanation downplays archeological evidence that the capacity for human behavior grew with time and that its growth broadly paralleled evolution in the human form. The sum suggests that behavioral and anatomical evolution were aspects of a single process driven by natural selection for advantageous genetic novelties.

-p.23 The famous “Peking Man” cave of Zhoukoudian Locality 1, northern China, dated to 600–400 ky ago,68 has provided numerous large mammal bones that were probably introduced by people, and they provide no reason to suppose the Locality 1 people hunted or scavenged less proficiently than their Acheulean contemporaries. Locality 1 also contains what may be the oldest firm evidence for human mastery of fire

-p.23-24 Arguably, people could not have colonized northern China and other parts of temperate Eurasia without fire for warmth and food preparation. However, if an incontestable hearth is required for proof, mastery of fire is documented only after 200 ky ago, at in the current state of our knowledge, most of the known Acheulean sites need not have differed significantly from the margins of historic African streams or waterholes, where the events that produce carcasses can be complex and need not involve people. ARTICLES Evolutionary Anthropology 23 African, west Asian, and European cave sites.

• Thomas Plummer, "Flaked stones and old bones: Biological and cultural evolution at the dawn of technology" American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Volume 125, Issue S39, 2004, Pages: 118-164]